ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) regulations for crypto assets aim to address their environmental impact (e.g., energy-intensive mining), promote transparency, and ensure ethical governance practices to align the crypto industry with broader sustainability and societal goals. These regulations encourage compliance with standards that mitigate risks and foster trust in digital assets.
Name |
Coinmotion Oy |
Relevant legal entity identifier |
743700PZG5RRF7SA4Q58 |
Name of the crypto-asset |
Merlin |
Consensus Mechanism |
Merlin Chain employs a Zero-Knowledge Rollup (ZK-Rollup) architecture and additional mechanisms to ensure efficient, secure, and decentralized transaction processing; transactions are aggregated off-chain into a single cryptographic proof before submission to the Bitcoin mainnet, enhancing scalability and reducing costs while leveraging Bitcoin’s security; a Data Availability Committee (DAC) manages off-chain data validity and accessibility, ensuring integrity and transparency in the ZK-Rollup process; a two-step Zero-Knowledge Proof submission mechanism allows miners to participate in proof generation and submission, decentralizing the security model and creating a stable computational environment. |
Incentive Mechanisms and Applicable Fees |
Merlin Chain’s incentive model ensures fair compensation for validators and a transparent fee structure for users; validators earn rewards from transaction fees for securing the network and processing transactions on both Layer 2 (L2) and Layer 1 (L1); L2 fees cover the cost of executing transactions on Merlin Chain’s Layer 2 network, while L1 security fees cover the cost of transmitting aggregated transaction data and ZK proofs to the Bitcoin mainnet for finalization; the gas fee model, similar to EVM-compatible chains, determines fees based on network usage and computational requirements, ensuring predictable and efficient fee allocation. |
Beginning of the period |
2024-06-09 |
End of the period |
2025-06-09 |
Energy consumption |
442428.75352 (kWh/a) |
Energy consumption resources and methodologies |
For the calculation of energy consumptions, the so called “bottom-up” approach is being used. The nodes are considered to be the central factor for the energy consumption of the network. These assumptions are made on the basis of empirical findings through the use of public information sites, open-source crawlers and crawlers developed in-house. The main determinants for estimating the hardware used within the network are the requirements for operating the client software. The energy consumption of the hardware devices was measured in certified test laboratories. Due to the structure of this network, it is not only the mainnet that is responsible for energy consumption. In order to calculate the structure adequately, a proportion of the energy consumption of the connected network, bitcoin, must also be taken into account, because the connected network is also responsible for security. This proportion is determined on the basis of gas consumption. When calculating the energy consumption, we used - if available - the Functionally Fungible Group Digital Token Identifier (FFG DTI) to determine all implementations of the asset of question in scope and we update the mappings regulary, based on data of the Digital Token Identifier Foundation. |
Renewable energy consumption |
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Energy intensity |
(kWh) |
Scope 1 DLT GHG emissions - Controlled |
(tCO2e/a) |
Scope 2 DLT GHG emissions - Purchased |
(tCO2e/a) |
GHG intensity |
(kgCO2e) |
Key energy sources and methodologies |
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Key GHG sources and methodologies |
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